Outdoor cats kill billions of wild animals annually in the U.S.
A study published in Nature Communications states:
- 1.3–4.0 billion birds annually in the United States (median estimate: 2.4 billion)
- 6.3–22.3 billion mammals annually (median estimate: 12.3 billion)
- Named cats as a leading cause of bird deaths and injuries, especially among fledglings and young birds and bats, are common prey for outdoor cats.
- Increase stress responses in wildlife
- Reduce reproductive success in some species
Indiana-Specific Wildlife Concerns
Outdoor cats in Indiana commonly prey on:
- Songbirds such as cardinals, robins, wrens, and sparrows.
- Young rabbits and small mammals.
- Chipmunks and mice.
- Frogs, salamanders, and snakes.
- Box turtles and other native reptiles, especially hatchlings and juveniles.
Many of these species already face challenges from habitat loss, vehicle strikes, pollution, and climate change. Reducing cat predation can help lessen one of the human-influenced pressures on native wildlife.
People can make a significant difference for both wildlife and their cats by taking a few practical steps
Keep Cats Indoors
The single most effective action is to keep pet cats indoors.
Benefits include:
- Preventing predation on birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.
- Protecting cats from vehicles, predators, diseases, toxins, and injuries.
- Increasing average lifespan compared to free-roaming cats.
Many organizations, including American Bird Conservancy and Humane World for Animals, recommend keeping cats indoors whenever possible.
Provide Safe Outdoor Access
For cats that enjoy being outside:
- Use a leash and harness.
- Build or purchase a “catio” (an enclosed outdoor patio for cats).
- Install cat-proof fencing or enclosed runs.
These options allow enrichment while preventing wildlife predation.
Spay and Neuter Cats
Spaying and neutering:
- Prevents unwanted litters.
- Reduces the number of free-roaming and abandoned cats.
- Helps decrease future impacts on wildlife populations.
Reduce Hunting Behavior
While no method completely eliminates hunting, owners can:
- Increase interactive play sessions.
- Use puzzle feeders and enrichment toys.
- Provide climbing structures, window perches, and indoor stimulation.
A mentally and physically engaged cat is often less motivated to hunt.
Spread Awareness
People can help educate others by:
- Sharing science-based information on social media.
- Talking with neighbors about the benefits of indoor cats.
- Supporting local wildlife rehabilitation centers and conservation groups.
- Encouraging responsible pet ownership through schools, community events, and veterinary clinics.
Take the Pledge. Protect Wildlife. Win a FREE Catio!
Commit to reducing risks for your cat, raising awareness, and helping local wildlife thrive.